Prediction of statically recrystallized microstructure during extrusion of aluminum alloys

Prediction of statically recrystallized microstructure during extrusion of aluminum alloys

Peter Cvahte1, Goran Kugler2, Tomaž Rodič2

1Impol 2000 d.d., Partizanska 38, 2310 Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenia.
2Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7494/cmms.2010.4.0298

Abstract:

To predict evolution of microstructure of aluminum alloys after deformation a numerical model based on the method of cellular automata (CA) has been developed and combined with the finite element model (FEM). The main objective of the combined FEM-CA model is to enable numerical predictions of growth of grains in the subsurface layers of extruded bars that occurs after deformation before the quenching in the industrial hot extrusion production chain. The results of numerical simulations show a good agreement with the results of optical micrographs of the bars taken from the industrial experiments. The outcomes of this research demonstrate that numerical models can be successfully applied to simulate complex thermo-mechanical and metallurgical processes during hot extrusion.

Cite as:

Cvahte, P., Kugler, G., & Rodič, T. (2010). Prediction of statically recrystallized microstructure during extrusion of aluminum alloys. Computer Methods in Materials Science, 10(4), 294 – 306. https://doi.org/10.7494/cmms.2010.4.0298

Article (PDF):

Keywords:

Hot working, Extrusion, Static recrystallization, Finite element method, Cellular automata

References:

Cvahte, P., 2010, Coupled thermo-mechanical and metallurgical processes during extrusion of Al-alloys, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana.

DePari, Jr. L., Misiolek, W. Z., 2008, Theoretical predictions and experimental verification of surface grain structure evolution for AA6061 during hot rolling, Acta Mater., 56, 6174-6185.

ELFEN Finite Element System Specification document. Available online from: http://www.rockfield.co.uk/ products.htm (last accessed: 2.12.2010).

Frost, H.J., Ashby, M.F., 1982, Deformation-Mechanisms Maps, Pergamon, Oxford.

Gourdet, S., Montheillet, F., 2003, A model of continuous dynamic recrystallization, Acta Mater., 53, 2685-2699.

Hesselbarth, H.W., Gobel, I.R., 1991, Simulation of recrystallization by cellular automata, Acta Metall. Mater., 39, 2135-2143.

Humphreys, F.J., Hatherly, M., 1995, Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena, Pergamon, New York.

Korelc, J., 2009b, Automation of primal and sensitivity analysis of transient coupled problems, Comp. Mech., 44, 631-649.

Korelc, J., 2009a, AceGen and AceFEM user manuals. Available online from: http://www.fgg.uni-lj.si/Symech/ (last accessed: 2.12.2010).

Kugler, G., Knap, M., Palkowski, H., Turk, R., 2004, Estimation of activation energy for calculating the hot workability properties of metals, Metalurgija, 43/4, 267-272.

Kugler, G., Turk, R., 2004, Modeling the dynamic recrystallization under multi-stage hot deformation, Acta Mater., 52, 4659-4668.

Kugler, G., Turk, R., 2006, Study of the influence of initial microstructure topology on the kinetic of static recrystal-lization using cellular automata model, Comp. Mater. Sci., 37, 284-291.

Madej, L., Hodgson, P.D., Pietrzyk, M., 2007b, The validation of a multiscale rheological model of discontinuous phenomena during metal rolling, Comp. Mater. Sci., 41, 236-241.

Madej, L., Szeliga, D., Kuziak, R., Pietrzyk, M., 2007a, Physical and numerical modelling of forging accounting for exploitation properties of products, Comp. Methods. Mater. Sci., 7, 397-405.

Peng, Z., Sheppard, T., 2004, Individual influence of forming parameters on surface recrystallization during aluminium extrusion, Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng., 12, 43-58.

Raabe, D., 2002, Cellular automata in materials science with particular reference to recrystallization simulation, Ann. Rev. Mater. Res., 32, 53-76.

Raabe, D., Becker, R. C, 2000, Coupling of a crystal plasticity finite element model with a probabilistic cellular automaton for simulating primary static recrystallization in aluminium, Modell. Simu. Mater. Sci. Eng., 8, 445-462.

Saunders, N., Guo, Z., Miodownik, A. P., Schille, J-Ph., 2004, Modelling Materials Properties and Behaviour of Multi-component Alloys, 22nd CAD-FEM User’s Meeting, International Congress on FEM Technology, Dresden, Germany, 1-8.

Sheppard, T., 1999, Extrusion of Aluminium Alloys, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.

Song, X., Rettenmayr M., 2002, Modelling study on recrystallization, recovery and their temperature dependence in in-homogeneously deformed materials, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 332A, 153-160.

Song, X., Rettenmayr, M., Mueler, C, Exner, H., 2001, Modeling of recrystallization after inhomogeneous deformation, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 32A, 2199-2206.

Stupkiewicz, S., Korelc, J., Dutko, M., Rodic, T., 2002, Shape sensitivity analysis of large deformation frictional contact problems, Comp. Meth. Appl. Mech. Engng., 191, 3555-3581.

Svyetlichnyy, D., 2009, Modeling of microstructure evolution during the rolling by using cellular automata, Comp. Methods. Mater. Sci., 9, 256-263.

Svyetlichnyy, D., 2010, Modelling of the microstructure: From classical cellular automata approach to the frontal one, Comp. Mater. Sci., (in print).

Svyetlichnyy, D.S., 2007, Some aspects which deny a use of 2D cellular automata for modelling of recrystallization, Comp. Methods. Mater. Sci., 7, 175-181.

Yazdipour, N., Davies, C.J., Hodgson, P.D., 2007, Simulation of dynamic recrystallization using random grid cellular automata, Comp. Methods. Mater. Sci., 7, 168-174.