Numerical simulation of secondary oxide scale in hot rolling and descaling operations

by

Numerical simulation of secondary oxide scale in hot rolling and descaling operations

Michał Krzyżanowski, John Beynon, Michael Sellars

The University of Sheffield, Department of Mechanical Engineering.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7494/cmms.2001.3.0014

Abstract:

The research reported here concerns the behaviour of the oxide scale that on steels, undergoing hot rolling. By doing a closely-linked combination of laboratory testing and measurements, rolling tests, microstructural investigation and, crucially, detailed finite element analysis, a physically-based model for oxide scale behaviour has been developed. The model has been successfully applied to circumstances similar to those in which it was developed, namely hot rolling of steel, importantly, it has also been applied to completely different circumstances – high temperature hydraulic descaling and room temperature mechanical descaling with considerable success. This is an affirmation of the integrity of the model. It is also an example of how a combination of techniques can allow materials to be characterised in circumstances where standard methods of measurement are not feasible or adequate on their own.

Cite as:

Krzyżanowski, M., Beynon, J., Sellars, M. (2001). Numerical simulation of secondary oxide scale in hot rolling and descaling operations. Computer Methods in Materials Science, 1(3-4), 153 – 165. https://doi.org/10.7494/cmms.2001.3.0014

Article (PDF):

Keywords:

,

References:

Bauccio, M. (1993). Metals Reference Book. 2nd ed., ASM /nternational, Materials Park.

Birchall, J.D., Howard, A.J., Kendall, K. (1981). Flexural strength and porosity of cements. Nature, 289, 388-390.

Blazevic, D.T. (2000). Newton and Descaling – Data and Conclusions. Mat. Konf. 3rd Int. Conf. Hydraulic Descaling, 14- 15 September 2000, London, IOM Communications Ltd, 3-13.

Buchele, W. (1995). Descaling of hot rolled surfaces. Stahl und Eisen, 115, No. 10, 71-72. Chen, W.C., Samarasekera, I.V., Kumar, A., Hawbolt, E.B., Mathematical modelling of heat flow and deformation during rough rolling, 1993, Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 20, No. 2, 113-125.

Fletcher, J. D., Beynon, J.H. (1996). Relating the small scale thermo-tribo mechanics in hot strip rolling to the global deformation behaviour. Mat Konf. 2nd Int. Conf. Modelling of Metal Rolling Processes, ed., Beynon, J.H., Ingham, P., Teichert, H., Waterson, K., The Institute of Materials, London, 202-212.

Hancock, P., Nicholls, J.R. (1988). Application of fracture mechanics to failure of surface oxide scales. Mat. Sci. Techn., 4, 398-406.

Krzyzanowski, M., Beynon, J.H. (1999a). The tensile failure of mild steel oxides under hot rolling conditions. Steel Research, 70, No. 1/99, 22-27.

Krzyzanowski, M., Beynon, J.H. (1999b). Finite element model of steel oxide failure during tensile testing under hot rolling conditions. Mat. Sci. Techn., 15, 1191-1198.

Krzyzanowski, M., Beynon, J.H., Sellars, C.M. (2000). Analysis of secondary oxide scale failure at entry into the roll gap. Metall. Mater. Trans., 31B, 1483-1490.

Krzyzanowski, M., Beynon, J.H. (2000a). Modelling the boundary conditions for thermo-mechanical processing – oxide scale behaviour and composition effects. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 8, 927-945.

Krzyzanowski, M., Beynon, J.H. (2000b). Effect of oxide scale failure in hot steel rolling on subsequent hydraulic descaling: numerical simulation. Mat. Konf. 3rd Int. Conf. Hydraulic Descaling, 14-15 September 2000, London, IOM Communications Ltd, 77-86.

Lees, D.G. (1987). On the reasons for the effects of dispersions of stable oxides and addtions of reactive elements on the adhesion and growth mechanisms of chromia and alumina scales – the sulfur effect. Oxid. Met., 27, 75-81.

Li, Y.H., Sellars, C.M. (1996). Modelling deformation behaviour of oxide scales and their effects on interfacial heat transfer and friction during hot steel rolling. Proc. 2nd Int. Conf: On Modelling of Metal Rolling Processes, J. H. Beynon, P. Ingham, H. Teichert and K. Waterson, eds., The Institute of Materials, London, UK, 192-206.

Morrel, R. (1987). Handbook of properties of technical and engineering ceramics. London, HMSO.

Nakamura, T., Sato, M. (1994). Descalability on reaheated steel slabs at high temperature. Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, 80, No. 3, 237-242.

Pieraggi, B., Rapp, R. (1994). Interfacial scaling reactions and reactive element effect. Materials at High Temp., 12, 229- 235: —164 — Pietrzyk, M., Lenard, J.G., 1991, Thermal-Mechanical Modelling of the Flat Rolling Process, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Ranta, H., Larkiola, J., Korhonen, A.S., Nikula, A. (1993). A study of scale-effects during accelerated cooling. Proc. /st Int. Conf. on ‘Modelling of metal rolling processes’, London, 1993, The Institute of Materials, 638-649.

Rice R. W. (1984). Pores as Fracture Origins in Ceramics. J. Mater. Sci., 19, 895-914.

Ridel, H. (1982). Deformation and cracking of thin second-phase layers on deforming metals at elevated temperature. Metal Science, 1982, 16, 569-574.

Robertson, J., Manning, M.I. (1990). Limits to adherence of oxide scales. Mat.Sci.Technol., 6, 81-91.

Schiitze, M. (1995). Mechanical properties of oxide scales. Oxid. Met., 44, No. 1-2, 29-61.

Shida, S. (1974). Effect of Carbon Content. Temperature and Strain on Compressive Flow Stress of Carbon Steels, Hitachi Res. Lab. Report, Tokyo.

Strawbridge, A., Hou, P. (1994). The role of reactive elements in oxide scale adhesion. Materials at High Temp., 12, 177-181.

Swinkels, F.B., Ashby, M.F. (1981). A second report on sintering diagrams. Acta Metall., 29, 259-281.

Tan, K.S., Krzyzanowski, M., Beynon, J.H. (2001). Effect of steel composition on failure of oxide scales in tension under hot rolling conditions. Steel Research, 72, No. 7, 250-258.

Wada, T., Oshimi, M., Ueda, M. (1991). Temperature drop of steel by hydraulic descaling for a hot strip rolling mill. Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, 77, No. 9, 1458-1464.

Whittle, D.P., Stringer, J. (1980). Improvements in high temperature oxidation resistance by additions of reactive elements or oxide dispersions. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., A295, 309-315.